KARACHI - The loopholes in the management and conservation of riverine forests have resulted in the fast depletion of forests in Sindh, while the last draft management plans prepared in 2000 are still ineffective. Besides many causes that have affected the ecosystem, the official negligence has caused enough damage too. The forest department in Sindh face shortage of staff, deficit budgets, lack of good governance, lack of public participation, income oriented management approach and most of all use of inappropriate seeds and skilled management. According to the study report of forest system of Sindh, the riverine forests of Sindh, mostly growing along the river Indus in the flood plains, are spread over an area of 241,000 haters but are disappearing very rapidly. Depletion in the forest area threatens the sustainability of agricultural production systems and en-dangers the economy of the country. Every year extensive areas of arable agricultural and forestlands are degraded and turned into wastelands over time, due to natural causes or human interventions. Depletion in forest cover, therefore, has an important impact on socio-economic development and ecological balance. High population growth rate in Pakistan is one of the main causes for rapid deterioration of the physical environment and natural resource base. The plan discusses that dry climate, erratic MAR that is 200mm/year, erosion, no flood or flood less than required and shortage of irrigation water are the natural reasons for the destruction of forest system of Sindh. The social reasons that has largely affected our ecosystem involves illicit wood cutting, lawlessness, encroachment of cultivation, poor literacy, increasing population with the growing rate of 2.8 % and poor rural development, lack of awareness and over gazing. These mentioned causes have largely affects the ecosystem of the province. The report also discusses the new challenges that are affecting the forests of Sindh; the most important one is the climate change. Due to this change in climate the average rainfall in the province has been reduced significantly. Poverty, food insecurity and biodiversity conservation are rapidly changing their shape in this new world, resulting in much worse impact on the ecology.