Five billion dollars is not enough for Pak: Holbrooke

Pakistan needs further international support, US special envoy Richard Holbrooke said Saturday as he warned that a pledge of five billion dollars was "not enough" to stabilise the troubled nation. At an aid meeting in Tokyo Friday, donor countries pledged a total of 5.28 billion dollars to stabilise poverty-stricken Pakistan, seen as a frontline state against Islamic extremism. The United States and Japan pledged one billion dollars each at the meeting Tokyo co-hosted with the World Bank."Five billion dollars is not enough," said Holbrooke, US special envoy for Afghanistan and Pakistan. "We should -- after congratulating the result yesterday -- we should be very mindful of the fact that the problem is far from over," he said. He declined to give a figure on how much money was required to stabilise Pakistan, but noted that some economists say the number "is as high as 50 billion dollars." More than half of Pakistan's people live below the poverty line of two dollars a day and "even in great cities like Karachi -- which I would point out is the world's largest Muslim city -- 17 million people (live) with only a few hours of electricity a day," he added. US President Barack Obama has put Pakistan at the heart of the fight against Al-Qaeda and unveiled a sweeping new strategy to turn around the Afghan war and defeat Islamist militants led by the Taliban on both sides of the porous border. "I can't set a specific goal for 2012," when Obama's term ends, said Holbrooke. "But I will say this: the situation in Afghanistan cannot be the same in 2012." "The measurement of success in Afghanistan is returning the security responsibility to the local security authorities," he said. "Pakistan is even more difficult. There is a clear red line laid out publicly by the government. No foreign boots of the troops on that ground in Pakistan. "So it's up to Pakistan to defend itself with the international assistance for economic and military," he said. Holbrooke said the people fighting alongside the Taliban were divided into three groups, led by a small group of "hard-core Taliban who has extreme views on things like women's rights, sharia law." The second group were those who joined the militants "because they have grievances against the government" over corruption or military operations that killed family members, while the third group was a large number of people who fought for the Taliban because they paid more than the Afghan army. "When you talk about reconciliation, it's reaching out to those last two groups," Holbrooke said. He said he "shares scepticism with the West" on a controversial deal between the Pakistani government and a pro-Taliban cleric to put part of the country under Islamic law as part of efforts to end a Taliban insurgency. The deal applies to Malakand, a district of around three million people in North West Frontier Province that includes the scenic Swat valley. "The story in Swat is far from over and the answer is that we'll have to wait and see," Holbrooke said. The issue will be discussed at a trilateral meeting with Pakistan and Afghanistan on May 6 in Washington, he said.